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Mulia Charcoal

Logistics · US import

Importing coconut charcoal to the USA

The US import mechanics for UN 1361 coconut charcoal from Semarang: how it is classified, the duties and fees, the entry process, and the FDA position on hookah charcoal.

Authored by
Andri Dharmawan
Founder & Director
Fact-checked by
Teguh Pranomo
Quality Control Manager
Last updated
Reading time
6 min

This page sits under the Mulia Charcoal Logistics pillar and is the template for our import-by-country guides. It covers the US customs mechanics end to end. Logistics overview

US import at a glance

Classification, headline duty, and who clears the cargo.

HTS classification
Candidates under heading 4402 (both Free base duty)
Headline duty
MFN Free + a Section 122 surcharge (≈10%, contested)
Entry documents
ISF 10+2, customs bond, CBP Form 7501
Customs clearance
Buyer's licensed customs broker
FDA
Hookah charcoal is a regulated tobacco-product component
Trade term
FOB Tanjung Emas (Semarang) · CIF/CFR on request

What buyers in this market order

This comes from our own order book — the recurring accounts we ship to in this market. It describes what those buyers reorder, not the full range we produce.

Order profile

Cube size
25, 26 and 27 mm
Grade
Super Premium and Platinum
Inner unit
1 kg inner box or 1 kg plastic
Master carton
10 kg
Container
40 ft
Reorder cadence
Every month

Across the five markets these guides cover, every account takes a 1 kg inner unit — printed box or plastic — packed into a master carton, and every account is private label: our briquette, your brand on the box.

Packaging formats and master-carton options Private label and white label

Every one of those accounts reorders. These are repeat programs, not one-off trial containers.

What these five markets buy is not the whole ladder — every grade we produce is specified on the grades page.

The full grade ladder Indicative FOB price per ton

Order book as of 2026-09-19

Who handles what

The division of labour for a 18 tons (one 20ft container) shipment. We export and document; you and your customs broker clear and deliver at destination.

The factory handles

  • Production and per-batch quality control, each batch with a Certificate of Analysis
  • Dangerous-goods-compliant packing, UN 1361 marking, and the safety data sheet (SDS)
  • Export documentation — commercial invoice, packing list, bill of lading, certificate of origin, dangerous-goods declaration, and the SP 978 weathering report
  • Delivery to Tanjung Emas (Semarang) under FOB, plus booking support

You and your customs broker handle

  • Ocean freight booking under FOB — or we quote CIF/CFR to your port on request
  • Destination customs declaration and clearance
  • Import duty, VAT or equivalent taxes, and destination port charges
  • FDA tobacco-product compliance — establishment registration, product listing, and PMTA status — and clearing any Import Alert 98-06 hold
  • Final inland delivery to your warehouse

HTS classification

Coconut shell charcoal falls under HTS heading 4402. Two 10-digit codes are candidates; both carry a Free base (MFN) duty, so the exact code does not change the base rate. A CBP binding-ruling request would settle it — confirm classification with your customs broker.

Candidate codes:

  • 4402.20.00.00

    "Of shell or nut" — most precise for coconut shell charcoal; base duty Free.

    Source (opens in new tab)

  • 4402.90.01.00

    Residual "Other"; base duty Free. Legacy CBP ruling N306942 (2019) cited 4402.90.0000 before the post-2022 renumbering.

    Source (opens in new tab)

Note: Both candidates carry a Free base (MFN) duty, so the exact 10-digit code does not change the rate; a CBP binding-ruling request would settle it. Confirm classification with your customs broker.

Duties & fees

US duty on heading 4402 is a layered stack, and the reciprocal-tariff layer is in active legal flux. Read it as a dated stack with a legal-status flag, not a single number.

Layer Rate As of Legal status
Base MFN duty (heading 4402) Most-favored-nation; applies to all candidates Source (opens in new tab) Free 2026-06-15
Section 122 balance-of-payments surcharge Flat global surcharge (Trade Act 1974, Proclamation 11012), assessed in addition to MFN Source (opens in new tab) 10% 2026-06-15 Struck by the Court of International Trade on 7 May 2026 (party-specific; on appeal to the Federal Circuit) — collection continues for non-plaintiff importers; statutory sunset around 24 July 2026. Most sources report 10%; confirm at booking.
Merchandise Processing Fee (MPF) Formal entry; minimum $33.58, maximum $651.50 per entry (FY2026) Source (opens in new tab) 0.3464% 2025-10-01
Harbor Maintenance Fee (HMF) Vessel imports only; assessed on cargo value Source (opens in new tab) 0.125% 2026-06-15

Verified as of the date shown; duties and tariffs change without notice — confirm with your customs broker at booking.

How the reciprocal layer moved

The MFN base is Free. The reciprocal layer has moved fast: +32% (IEEPA, EO 14257, April 2025) → about 19% (US–Indonesia agreement, February 2026) → the IEEPA basis was voided by the Supreme Court on 20 February 2026 and collection halted from about 24 February 2026 → replaced by a 10% Section 122 surcharge (effective 24 February 2026), itself struck by the CIT on 7 May 2026 (party-specific, on appeal) and set to sunset around 24 July 2026. The effective rate is roughly 10% ad valorem today, heavily caveated; a Section 301 investigation opened 11 March 2026 may succeed it.

Anti-dumping / countervailing

No anti-dumping or countervailing-duty order was found for Chapter 44 charcoal from Indonesia in the ITA database; confirm with your customs broker.

Landed-cost worked example

Landed cost is the sum of the goods, the freight, and the import charges. The structure below holds for any lane; the duty components are public verified figures, while the FOB and freight are illustrative and quoted at booking.

FOB goods value
Illustrative only — your actual FOB applies
Ocean freight + DG surcharges
Quoted on request (indicative)
Duties & fees
From the duty stack above (MFN Free + Section 122 + MPF + HMF)
Landed cost
FOB + freight + duties & fees

The formula is shown so you can plug in your own figures. The indicative FOB range per grade is published on the pricing pillar, and the landed-cost page carries this same layer model with a calculator that runs on your own freight quote — both are linked under Related topics below. Live numbers for your order are quoted at booking.

What your incoterm covers (FOB and the freight split)

The entry process

US entry for a UN 1361 container follows the standard CBP sequence, handled by the buyer's customs broker with data we supply.

Step by step:

  1. ISF 10+2. The Importer Security Filing (ISF, "10+2") must be transmitted at least 24 hours before the cargo is laden aboard the vessel at the origin port. The importer files ten data elements: seller; buyer; importer-of-record number; consignee number; manufacturer or supplier; ship-to party; country of origin; HTSUS number; container stuffing location; and consolidator.
  2. Customs bond. A continuous or single-entry customs bond is required and must include ISF provisions; ISF penalties run to $5,000 per violation, up to $10,000 per filing.
  3. Entry summary. Entry is finalized on CBP Form 7501; the data is reusable between the ISF and the 7501.

The export documents we supply

Dangerous-goods handling at US ports

The cargo arrives as declared UN 1361, Class 4.2 dangerous goods, and is handled accordingly at the US port. The classification and the prevention controls are covered on the dangerous-goods pages.

What UN 1361 is The 2026 rules Insured arrival & cargo protection

FDA: hookah charcoal as a tobacco-product component

This is regulatory information, not legal advice — see the disclaimer below.

Deeming Rule
FDA Deeming Rule, 81 FR 28974 (10 May 2016; effective 8 August 2016).
Scope
Hookah charcoal is regulated as a component or part of a tobacco product when it maintains combustion of waterpipe tobacco (81 FR 28974 at 29019), regardless of the material it is made from.
Requirements
Establishment registration, product listing, and a premarket tobacco product application (PMTA) before lawful US introduction — hookah charcoal is a new tobacco product, not grandfathered before 15 February 2007.
Enforcement discretion
The FDA has not adopted a broad enforcement-discretion policy for hookah charcoal; a pending application is not a safe harbor, the posture is not codified, and it can change without notice.
Import enforcement
Import Alert 98-06 (detention without physical examination of new tobacco products without marketing authorization); CBP may detain or refuse entry.
Do not mislabel
Labeling the product as BBQ or general-purpose charcoal does not change FDA jurisdiction; misbranded or adulterated tobacco products are subject to detention or refusal, and misdeclaration is separately actionable.
Practical steps
Work with US counsel and a customs broker experienced in tobacco-product entries before you ship; confirm registration, listing, and marketing-authorization status for your specific product.

Production and transit lead time

Production takes about 21 days for a 20-ft container and 21–25 days for a 40-ft; sea transit from Semarang (IDSRG) to Los Angeles and New York / New Jersey runs about 25–45 days, for an indicative 46–70 days from order to arrival. A first order under a new brand adds 7–10 days to the production stage.

Class 4.2 dangerous-goods bookings need extra lead time, so book early. The SP 978 weathering window (at least 14 days) is part of our production and packing schedule, not added on top of it when the order is planned ahead.

Indicative only — subject to vessel schedule and booking confirmation, and never a guaranteed arrival date.

US ports & routing

Indicative ocean transit from Semarang (IDSRG) to the main US gateways:

  • Los Angeles, USA (West Coast) (USLAX): about 25–32 days.
  • New York / New Jersey, USA (East Coast) (USNYC): about 35–45 days.

Indicative; varies by line and season. Last updated 2026-06-22.

Frequently asked questions

What is the HTS code for coconut charcoal?
It falls under HTS heading 4402. Two 10-digit codes are candidates — 4402.20.00.00 ("of shell or nut") and 4402.90.01.00 ("other") — and both carry a Free base duty, so the exact code does not change the base rate. A CBP binding ruling would settle it; confirm with your broker.
What duty or tariff applies in the USA?
The MFN base duty is Free. On top sits a reciprocal layer that is in legal flux — currently a Section 122 surcharge reported at about 10%, which a court struck down (party-specific, on appeal) and which is set to sunset around July 2026. Plus MPF and HMF. Treat it as a dated stack and confirm the live rate with your broker at booking.
Do I need a customs broker?
Yes. Customs clearance is the importer's responsibility, handled by a licensed US customs broker. They file the ISF 10+2, post the customs bond, and submit the entry summary (CBP Form 7501) using data we supply.
Which US ports do you ship to?
We model the lane ex-Semarang (IDSRG) to the main US gateways — see the transit list above. Other US ports are available; confirm routing with the carrier at booking.
Is hookah charcoal FDA-regulated / do I need a PMTA?
Hookah charcoal is regulated by the FDA as a component or part of a tobacco product when it maintains combustion of waterpipe tobacco. That brings establishment registration, product listing, and a premarket tobacco product application (PMTA) into scope. This is general information — confirm your obligations with US counsel.
What is Enforcement Discretion?
The FDA has not adopted a broad enforcement-discretion policy for hookah charcoal. A pending application is not a safe harbor, the posture is not codified, and it can change without notice. Import Alert 98-06 is the live enforcement mechanism, under which CBP may detain or refuse entry.

Shipping the same coconut charcoal to more than one country? Duty, tax and clearance differ by destination — here are our other market guides.

All country import guides

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